{"id":585,"date":"2014-12-02T19:22:53","date_gmt":"2014-12-02T19:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/turkiyebilgi.wordpress.com\/?p=585"},"modified":"2014-12-02T19:22:53","modified_gmt":"2014-12-02T19:22:53","slug":"fortna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/?p=585","title":{"rendered":"\u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f\u056b \u0563\u0580\u0561\u0564\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576 | Benjamin Fortna, \u00abImperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_586\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-586\" style=\"width: 188px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/9780199248407_450.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-586 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/9780199248407_450.jpg?w=188\" alt=\"9780199248407_450\" width=\"188\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/9780199248407_450.jpg 282w, https:\/\/turkaget.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/9780199248407_450-188x300.jpg 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-586\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0533\u0580\u0584\u056b \u0577\u0561\u057a\u056b\u056f\u0568<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u053c\u0578\u0576\u0564\u0578\u0576\u056b \u0531\u057d\u056b\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0587 \u0531\u0586\u0580\u056b\u056f\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0566\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0564\u057a\u0580\u0578\u0581\u056b (SOAS) \u0564\u0561\u057d\u0561\u056d\u0578\u057d <a title=\"\u0534\u0561\u057d\u0561\u056d\u0578\u057d\u056b \u0567\u057b\u0568 \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u056c\u057d\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576\u056b \u056f\u0561\u0575\u0584\u0578\u0582\u0574\" href=\"https:\/\/www.soas.ac.uk\/staff\/staff30949.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0532\u0565\u0576\u057b\u0561\u0574\u056b\u0576 \u0556\u0578\u0580\u0569\u0576\u0561\u0576<\/a> \u0570\u0561\u0575\u057f\u0576\u056b \u0585\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f \u0567: \u0546\u0561 \u0563\u056b\u057f\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0584\u0580\u0584\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0565\u0576\u057f\u0580\u0578\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 \u056f\u0580\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056d\u0576\u0564\u056b\u0580\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0555\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0587 \u0570\u0561\u0576\u0580\u0561\u057a\u0565\u057f\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0539\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u056b\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0574:<br \/>\n\u0546\u0580\u0561 \u0561\u0574\u0565\u0576\u0561\u0573\u0561\u0576\u0561\u0579\u057e\u0561\u056e \u0561\u0577\u056d\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0576\u0584\u0568\u055d <em>\u00ab<strong>Imperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire<\/strong>\u00bb<\/em> (\u053f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0565\u0580\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0564\u0561\u057d\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576. \u056b\u057d\u056c\u0561\u0574\u0568, \u057a\u0565\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0587 \u056f\u0580\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0555\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u057e\u0565\u0580\u057b\u056b\u0576 \u0583\u0578\u0582\u056c\u0578\u0582\u0574) \u0563\u056b\u0580\u0584\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0565\u056c\u056b \u0567 \u0576\u0565\u0580\u0562\u0565\u057c\u0576\u0565\u056c <a title=\"\u0546\u0565\u0580\u0562\u0565\u057c\u0576\u0565\u056c \u0561\u0576\u057e\u0573\u0561\u0580\" href=\"https:\/\/app.box.com\/s\/bnusy2eyehit1hblb2gs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0561\u0575\u057d\u057f\u0565\u0572\u056b\u0581<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u0533\u0580\u0584\u056b \u056e\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0581\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0568. \u00abIn the Ottoman Empire, as in many countries around the world in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, education was critical to the state&#8217;s efforts to redefine its relationship with its subjects. This book presents a many-sided view of education under the Ottoman Empire in this period. Drawing on a wide array of primary material, ranging from archival reports to textbooks and classroom maps, Benjamin C. Fortna provides a detailed scholarly analysis of the Ottoman educational endeavour, revealing its fascinating mix of Western and indigenous influences. Focusing on such key areas as curricular change, daily life, geography, and Islamic morality, Fortna presents new evidence about schooling in the late Ottoman Empire and offers a new interpretation of its place in the history of the modern Middle East.\u00a0 Readership: Scholars and students of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Middle Eastern history; historians of education and religion.\u00bb:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u054a\u0580\u0578\u0586\u0565\u057d\u0578\u0580 \u0556\u0578\u0580\u0569\u0576\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0561\u0575\u056c \u0561\u0577\u056d\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0576\u0584\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0565\u056c\u056b \u0567 \u056e\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0569\u0561\u0576\u0561\u056c <a title=\"\u0531\u056f\u0561\u0564\u0565\u0574\u056b\u0561\" href=\"https:\/\/soas.academia.edu\/BenjaminFortna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0561\u0575\u057d\u057f\u0565\u0572<\/a>:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u053c\u0578\u0576\u0564\u0578\u0576\u056b \u0531\u057d\u056b\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0587 \u0531\u0586\u0580\u056b\u056f\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0566\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0564\u057a\u0580\u0578\u0581\u056b (SOAS) \u0564\u0561\u057d\u0561\u056d\u0578\u057d \u0532\u0565\u0576\u057b\u0561\u0574\u056b\u0576 \u0556\u0578\u0580\u0569\u0576\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0561\u0575\u057f\u0576\u056b \u0585\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f \u0567: \u0546\u0561 \u0563\u056b\u057f\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0584\u0580\u0584\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0565\u0576\u057f\u0580\u0578\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 \u056f\u0580\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056d\u0576\u0564\u056b\u0580\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0555\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0587 \u0570\u0561\u0576\u0580\u0561\u057a\u0565\u057f\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0539\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u056b\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0574: \u0546\u0580\u0561 \u0561\u0574\u0565\u0576\u0561\u0573\u0561\u0576\u0561\u0579\u057e\u0561\u056e \u0561\u0577\u056d\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0576\u0584\u0568\u055d \u00abImperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire\u00bb (\u053f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0565\u0580\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0564\u0561\u057d\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576. \u056b\u057d\u056c\u0561\u0574\u0568, \u057a\u0565\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0587 \u056f\u0580\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0555\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u057e\u0565\u0580\u057b\u056b\u0576 \u0583\u0578\u0582\u056c\u0578\u0582\u0574) \u0563\u056b\u0580\u0584\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0565\u056c\u056b \u0567 \u0576\u0565\u0580\u0562\u0565\u057c\u0576\u0565\u056c \u0561\u0575\u057d\u057f\u0565\u0572\u056b\u0581: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[101,6,42],"class_list":["post-585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-elibrary","tag-101","tag-6","tag-42"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f\u056b \u0563\u0580\u0561\u0564\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576 | Benjamin Fortna, \u00abImperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire\u00bb - \u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f \u054e\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0582\u056a\u0561\u0576 \u0533\u0565\u0572\u0561\u0574\u0575\u0561\u0576<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/?p=585\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hy_AM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f\u056b \u0563\u0580\u0561\u0564\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576 | Benjamin Fortna, \u00abImperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire\u00bb - \u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f \u054e\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0582\u056a\u0561\u0576 \u0533\u0565\u0572\u0561\u0574\u0575\u0561\u0576\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u053c\u0578\u0576\u0564\u0578\u0576\u056b \u0531\u057d\u056b\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0587 \u0531\u0586\u0580\u056b\u056f\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0566\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0564\u057a\u0580\u0578\u0581\u056b (SOAS) \u0564\u0561\u057d\u0561\u056d\u0578\u057d \u0532\u0565\u0576\u057b\u0561\u0574\u056b\u0576 \u0556\u0578\u0580\u0569\u0576\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0561\u0575\u057f\u0576\u056b \u0585\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f \u0567: \u0546\u0561 \u0563\u056b\u057f\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0584\u0580\u0584\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0565\u0576\u057f\u0580\u0578\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 \u056f\u0580\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056d\u0576\u0564\u056b\u0580\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0555\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0587 \u0570\u0561\u0576\u0580\u0561\u057a\u0565\u057f\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0539\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u056b\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0574: \u0546\u0580\u0561 \u0561\u0574\u0565\u0576\u0561\u0573\u0561\u0576\u0561\u0579\u057e\u0561\u056e \u0561\u0577\u056d\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0576\u0584\u0568\u055d \u00abImperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire\u00bb (\u053f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0565\u0580\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0564\u0561\u057d\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576. \u056b\u057d\u056c\u0561\u0574\u0568, \u057a\u0565\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0587 \u056f\u0580\u0569\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0555\u057d\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0575\u057d\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u057e\u0565\u0580\u057b\u056b\u0576 \u0583\u0578\u0582\u056c\u0578\u0582\u0574) \u0563\u056b\u0580\u0584\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0565\u056c\u056b \u0567 \u0576\u0565\u0580\u0562\u0565\u057c\u0576\u0565\u056c \u0561\u0575\u057d\u057f\u0565\u0572\u056b\u0581: [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/?p=585\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f \u054e\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0582\u056a\u0561\u0576 \u0533\u0565\u0572\u0561\u0574\u0575\u0561\u0576\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-12-02T19:22:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/turkaget.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/9780199248407_450.jpg?w=188\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"varujean_drago\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"varujean_drago\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/turkaget.am\\\/?p=585#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/turkaget.am\\\/?p=585\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"varujean_drago\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/turkaget.am\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/56759363140a2069780415502f483e9d\"},\"headline\":\"\u0539\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0580\u0584\u0561\u0563\u0565\u057f\u056b \u0563\u0580\u0561\u0564\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576 | Benjamin Fortna, \u00abImperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman 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